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Once we have partitioned our drive, there is no easy way to expand available space. For example, if we have setup /home directory in different partition, assuming that it has sufficient space for 20 users. But suddenly our company hired 40 users. So now we need space on /home for 40 users. Had LVM not in place, it would not have been an easy task to expand the size of it. In that situation, you would need to back up /home directory, create new partition with sufficient space and lastly restore the backed up files in this new partition.
With LVM, you can reallocate parts of disk space between different file systems. LVM is a mapping of different physical parts of a hard disk. .Once we collect these parts into logical volume, file systems such as /usr or /home can be mounted on this volume. We can reorganize these logical volumes to include additional hard disk space. Before understanding LVM, we should gather the knowledge about the special terms associated with it. These are as follows:
Physical Volume (PV): This is the standard primary or logical partition of the hard disk.
Physical Extent (PE): This is part of disk space. Physical volumes are divided in multiple equal sized physical extents.
Logical Volume (LV): This is the collection of logical extents. We can mount /boot like file system on logical volume.
Logical Extent (LE): This is also a part of disk space. In LVM, the size of it is same as size of physical extent on that system. Each LE corresponds to each PE.
Volume Group (VG): This is the collection of all logical volumes on our system. In LVM, most of the commands are applied to volume group only.
Concept of logical volumes
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